Application
Vacuum pumps for vacuum melting and remelting
In vacuum melting, metal is melted in the furnace under vacuum; in remelting, a finished block is melted a second time. Leybold describes vacuum induction melting as stirring the melt by induction and refining it in vacuum, and arc remelting as remelting ingots in vacuum; Edwards names a homogeneous microstructure as the aim, for example in superalloys. Below you can see how the application works, what vacuum the manufacturers name and which of their series are intended for it ā 89 models from 3 manufacturers.
- 89Models
- 6Series
- 3Manufacturers
- 1Industries
Touch the points: each part of the system explains itself.
In short
Vacuum melting and remelting: the key facts
- VIMLeybold: in vacuum induction melting, the melt is stirred by induction and refined in vacuum; Busch lists vacuum induction melting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA.
- VAR and ESRLeybold: in vacuum arc remelting, ingots are remelted in vacuum; Busch names vacuum arc remelting, electroslag remelting and plasma arc melting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA.
- SuperalloysFor special metallurgy, remelting and vacuum melting, Edwards names homogenising the microstructure, for example in superalloys, with Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS.
- Investment castingBusch names precision investment casting, Edwards powder metallurgy ā atomisation, MIM and investment casting ā for near-net-shape parts with EXS; Atlas Copco names GLS for vacuum melting.
Operating principle
How it works: Vacuum melting and remelting
The drawing shows the basic principle in section. The systems and pumps of the individual manufacturers differ in detail.
- EvacuatingAfter charging, the furnace is pumped down before the heating or the arc starts.
- MeltingIn VIM, according to Leybold, the melt is stirred by induction and refined in vacuum; in VAR, the ingot melts off in the arc. Dissolved gases escape from the liquid metal.
- SolidifyingThe melt is poured into the ingot mould or solidifies as a new block ā according to Edwards with a homogenised microstructure. The furnace is then vented and unloaded.
Vacuum and sizing
Vacuum melting and remelting: how much vacuum is needed
What the manufacturers say about pressure, pumping speed and sizing.
What vacuum
The working pressure depends on the process and the alloy and is set for each furnace. The manufacturers name the processes and the series they intend for them.
Processes
Leybold describes vacuum induction melting (VIM) and vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Busch lists vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc remelting, electroslag remelting, plasma arc melting and precision investment casting; Edwards special metallurgy, remelting, vacuum melting and powder metallurgy with atomisation, MIM and investment casting.
Which pumps
Edwards names Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS, and EXS for powder metallurgy; Busch COBRA and PANDA/PUMA; Atlas Copco GLS. Leybold describes VIM and VAR without naming a series.
Technology
Vacuum melting and remelting: the vacuum pumps the manufacturers name
Listed are the series the manufacturer itself names for this application. āShow only ā¦ā sets the filter of the product overview.
Screw vacuum pumps
57 models Ā· 70ā5,760 mĀ³/h
Roots vacuum pumps
30 models Ā· 250ā12,000 mĀ³/h
Rotary piston vacuum pumps
2 models Ā· 234ā442 mĀ³/h
Leybold names the application without naming a series for it.
Product overview
Vacuum melting and remelting: all 89 models compared
Use the filters on the left to narrow the selection ā by manufacturer, technology and the modelsā key figures, for 50 or 60 Hz.
Atlas Copco GLS series 2 models
Busch COBRA Industry series 36 models
COBRA NS 0070 CPumping speed 70 mĀ³/h 50 Hz85 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.03 mbarRated motor power 4 kW 50 Hz4.4 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0100 BPumping speed 110 mĀ³/h 50 Hz130 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 3.5 kW 50 Hz4.8 kW 60 HzVariants 4
COBRA NC 0100 B ECOTORQUEPumping speed 130 mĀ³/h 50 Hz130 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 4.8 kW 50 Hz4.8 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NS 0160 CPumping speed 135 mĀ³/h 50 Hz170 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.03 mbarRated motor power 5.5 kW 50 Hz6.6 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0200 BPumping speed 220 mĀ³/h 50 Hz265 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 6 kW 50 Hz7.6 kW 60 HzVariants 4
COBRA NC 0200 B ECOTORQUEPumping speed 265 mĀ³/h 50 Hz265 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 7.6 kW 50 Hz7.6 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0300 BPumping speed 320 mĀ³/h 50 Hz385 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 7.5 kW 50 Hz9.5 kW 60 HzVariants 4
COBRA NC 0400 BPumping speed 350 mĀ³/h 50 Hz420 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 7.5 kW 50 Hz9.5 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NX 0450 APumping speed 350 mĀ³/h 50 Hz420 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.1 mbarRated motor power 7.5 kW 50 Hz9.5 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0300 B ECOTORQUEPumping speed 385 mĀ³/h 50 Hz385 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 9.5 kW 50 Hz9.5 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0400 B ECOTORQUEPumping speed 420 mĀ³/h 50 Hz420 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 9.5 kW 50 Hz9.5 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NX 0450 A ECOTORQUEPumping speed 420 mĀ³/h 50 Hz420 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.1 mbarRated motor power 11 kW 50 Hz11 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0500 BPumping speed 490 mĀ³/h 50 Hz490 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.01 mbarRated motor power 9 kW 50 Hz9 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0630 C VRPumping speed 580 mĀ³/h 50 Hz680 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 25 mbarRated motor power 22 kW 50 Hz22 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NS 0600 CPumping speed 600 mĀ³/h 50 Hz600 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.01 mbarRated motor power 15 kW 50 Hz15 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0630 CPumping speed 630 mĀ³/h 50 Hz630 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.01 mbarRated motor power 15 kW 50 Hz17 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NC 0630 C ECOTORQUEPumping speed 630 mĀ³/h 50 Hz630 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.01 mbarRated motor power 17 kW 50 Hz17 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA DX 0650 A PLUSPumping speed 650 mĀ³/h 50 Hz650 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.1 mbarRated motor power 15 kW 50 Hz15 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NX 0650 APumping speed 650 mĀ³/h 50 Hz650 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.1 mbarRated motor power 12.5 kW 50 Hz15 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NX 0650 A ECOTORQUEPumping speed 650 mĀ³/h 50 Hz650 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.1 mbarRated motor power 15 kW 50 Hz15 kW 60 HzVariants 
COBRA NF 0750 APumping speed 750 mĀ³/h 50 Hz750 mĀ³/h 60 HzUltimate pressure 0.05 mbarRated motor power 15 kW 50 Hz15 kW 60 HzVariants Busch PANDA/PUMA series 26 models
Edwards EXS series 11 models
Edwards GXS series 10 models
Edwards Stokes series 4 models
No model matches these filters.
Atlas Copco GLS series 2 models
Busch COBRA Industry series 36 models
Busch PANDA/PUMA series 26 models
Edwards EXS series 11 models
Edwards GXS series 10 models
Edwards Stokes series 4 models
Models a manufacturer no longer carries in its current range are listed in its āOutdated modelsā section.
Industries
Vacuum melting and remelting: where the manufacturers name it
The manufacturers list these uses on their own pages.
Metallurgy and heat treatment
Busch, Edwards and Leybold list vacuum melting and remelting under metallurgy: vacuum induction melting, arc and electroslag remelting, investment casting and powder metallurgy ā according to Edwards for a homogeneous microstructure, for example in superalloys.
Frequently asked questions
Vacuum melting and remelting: frequently asked questions
How does vacuum melting work?
The metal is melted in the evacuated furnace. In vacuum induction melting, according to Leybold, the melt is stirred by induction and refined in vacuum; in vacuum arc remelting, ingots are remelted in vacuum. Edwards names a homogenised microstructure as the result, for example in superalloys.
What is vacuum induction melting (VIM)?
According to Leybold, the melt is stirred by induction and refined in vacuum. Busch lists vacuum induction melting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA without describing the process in more detail.
What is vacuum arc remelting (VAR)?
According to Leybold, ingots are remelted in vacuum. Busch lists vacuum arc remelting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA; for remelting, Edwards names Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS, with homogenising the microstructure as the aim.
Why is melting done under vacuum?
Under vacuum, dissolved gases escape from the melt, and the melt does not come into contact with air. Leybold speaks of refining the melt in vacuum, Edwards of homogenising the microstructure ā for example in superalloys.
Which vacuum pump for vacuum melting?
Edwards names Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS, Busch COBRA and PANDA/PUMA, Atlas Copco GLS. Leybold describes VIM and VAR on its special metallurgy page without naming a series.
How much vacuum does a vacuum melting furnace need?
The working pressure depends on the process and the alloy and is set for each furnace.
Which vacuum pump for investment casting and powder metallurgy?
For powder metallurgy ā atomisation, MIM and investment casting ā Edwards names EXS; the aim is near-net-shape parts. Busch lists precision investment casting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA without describing it in more detail.
What is electroslag remelting?
Busch lists electroslag remelting and plasma arc melting with COBRA and PANDA/PUMA without describing the processes. For remelting in general, Edwards names homogenising the microstructure with Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS.
Oil-free or oil-lubricated in vacuum melting?
Atlas Copco names GLS, an oil-lubricated rotary piston vacuum pump. Edwards names Stokes, GXS, PXH and EXS, Busch COBRA and PANDA/PUMA. GXS, EXS and COBRA are dry screw vacuum pumps, Stokes and PANDA/PUMA are Roots pumps.
A single pump or a central vacuum system?
A central system in a room of its own keeps noise and heat away from production and matches its output to the demand. Central vacuum systems are planned and built by Eugen Theis Vakuum, a company of the Ehrler & Beck group ā more under Central Vacuum.
Does Ehrler & Beck also supply spare parts and service?
Yes. Ehrler & Beck offers original spare parts and accessories as well as maintenance and repair.
Which pump suits your process?
Tell us the application, the medium and the volume ā we advise you on selection, spare parts and service.
